The World's Most Prestigious Prize: The Nobel Prize
The Nobel Prize is perhaps the world's most prestigious, well-known international award given annually in six categories - Medicine, Physics, Chemistry, Economic Sciences, Literature and Peace. Alfred Nobel, a Swedish chemist and industrialist remembered for his invention of dynamite, donated 94% of the estate to fund these prizes upon his death in 1896.
On December 10, 1901, the first Nobel Prizes were awarded, in Stockholm, Sweden, five years after Nobel's death. Since then, the Nobel Prize has been awarded 615 times to 990 people and organisations. Hence, there are 955 individuals and 27 organisations. The awards were given out by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences for Physics and Chemistry, the Swedish Academy for Literature, the Karolinska Institute for Medicine, and the Norwegian Nobel Committee for Peace. Later in 1969, Sweden's central bank created the Economic Sciences category in honour of Alfred Nobel. Every year the announcement of The Nobel Prize starts from 1st Monday of October and the awards ceremony is conducted on December 10, which is also Alfred Nobel's death anniversary.
Over the years, numerous renowned scientists, researchers, authors, activists, and organisations have received Nobel Prizes. Albert Einstein, Marie Curie, Ernest Hemingway, Rabindranath Tagore, Martin Luther King Jr., Barack Obama, and Malala Yousafzai are a few prominent laureates. As a Bangladeshi. Entrepreneur and economist Dr. Muhammad Yunus won the Nobel Peace Prize in 2006 for creating the Grameen Bank and developing the ideas of microcredit and microfinance.
Marie Curie is the only person who won the Nobel Prizes twice, having won them in both physics (1903) and chemistry (1911).
In continuation of this, On Monday, October 2, the Secretary-General of the Nobel Assembly revealed the winner of the Nobel Prize in Medicine. Two scientists Katalin Karikó and Drew Weissman jointly won this award in Medicine for their work in the realm of mRNA vaccines that helped in tackling the COVID-19 pandemic. The foundation awarded the prize to Anne L’Huillier, Ferenc Krausz and Pierre Agostini in the Physics category for their experimental methods that generate attosecond pulses for the study of electron dynamics in matter. Moungi G. Bawendi, Alexei I. and Louis E. Brus were awarded in the field of Chemistry for the discovery and synthesis of quantum dots. This year's Literature category award went to Norwegian poet and playwright Jon Fosse for his inventive plays and prose that give voice to the indescribable. Narges Mohammadi won the Peace category for her fight against the oppression of women in Iran and her fight to promote human rights and freedom for all. Claudia Goldin was given the final category prize of the year in the field of economic sciences for her enhanced understanding of the outcomes of women in the labour market. The theme of the Nobel Prize of 2023 was Truth, trust and hope.
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